Tax Changes – boring but important.
Filed under: Cost of living, Economics, General Budgeting, Property Investing
In fact so boring and dull, I’ve been putting off writing about it for weeks. But I figured I really ought to get it done, because it could make quite a difference to whether emigrating here is affordable for you or not.
Kiwi’s generally think they have really high tax levels. Coming from the UK, I have always thought they are wonderfully cheap, and its one of the reasons I have always thought you could do financially well here.
So, I’ve already written about the taxes that should be going down – basically the top income tax rate. The finance minister has now “suggested” that the top tax rate will drop from 38% to 33%. That in itself will make a huge difference for many skilled migrants, even if it isn’t going down to the 30% that the Tax Working Group wanted. Company tax looks likely to go down from 33% to 30% – good if you are thinking of running a business, but won’t do anything to fix the fact that people supposedly use companies to hide income for tax purposes.
So the question remains – what’s going up?
Because make no mistake – these are not tax cuts. These are tax cuts equalled by tax increases. For every 1% drop in Income Tax, there has to be a 1% increase elsewhere. Whether people think its fair tends to depend entirely on whether they are paying or saving.
GST
The main increase is likely to be GST – up from 12.5% to 15%. Which basically means you get to keep more of what you earn, but pay more of it out when you spend. So depending on your spending habits, and ability to save money, you may in the end come out better off. At least this is a tax you have some control of. While your fixed expenses are – well – fixed, and they will go up – you can determine how much tax you pay on your non.-essentials by budgeting and shopping around.
Closing a Working For Families Loophole
There’s also talk of making sure that property investors can’t use their tax losses to lower their income and get access to Working For Families benefits. I’m personally a fan of that. Although we lower our income by claiming tax losses, as far as we are concerned we still earn $150,000 – we just plough a lot of it into our investments. So it actually wouldn’t occur to us that we were eligible for WFF (if we had kids).
Property Investor Taxes
Most of the tax hit that Property Investors were going to get look like they have gone. We are still going to take a hit somewhere – but not as much as the people in the Tax Working group (all of whom work in the Share Investment field) would have liked. Which means that a lot less people are about to be bankrupted. It looks like the main rise will be that you wont be able to claim depreciation on the building. It could make investing a property harder for lower earners, but we wont know for definite.
And so far – that’s about it.
Like most things – a report from a bunch of academics and vested interests comes out (at huge cost to taxpayers) which says a load of “academically sophisticated” ideas about reducing tax (I hope they took their own sandwiches to their meetings!). But when you boil it down to what might actually work – you aren’t really left with a whole lot.
We won’t know for definite until the budget in May, at which time everyone can work out whether they win or lose.
For us, while we are highly likely to lose a fair amount in any property tax changes – we also make a fair amount by our income tax going down. The GST will cost quite a bit on our fixed expenses – which is a pain because I’ve just reduced our fixed outgoings by a huge amount lately – and it will make me feel a bit deflated for a while.
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Kiwisaver Problems: keep your eye on your provider.
Filed under: Avalon's Money Thread, Cost of living, Future Finances, General Budgeting, Investing in general, Kiwisaver
I always thought putting the Inland Revenue in charge of Kiwisaver was a daft idea. Seems I may have had a point. The IRD passes on your information to one of the default providers, and then thats the end of what they care about. It seems that a lot of the default Kiwisaver providers (these are the ones you are automatically enrolled with if you don’t make your own choice), have got the wrong information, and cant get in contact with the people whose funds they are running.
It worries me that there appears to be an awful lot of people who are completely unaware that they have a Kiwisaver fund. There are 200,000 people who cannot be contacted by their fund managers.
The problem means people may not receive the letter telling them who their KiwiSaver provider is or the annual statement on their Kiwisaver balance and annual report explaining the returns of their fund.
McAllister [from ASB Group Investments - the larges Default provider] said some people could be in KiwiSaver for more than a year and still not know because it was new and they did not know what to expect from their provider or Inland Revenue.
“It appears it’s an IRD problem. It raises questions about how accurate IRD’s information is.
You need to be aware about Kiwisaver. You are automatically enrolled into a fund, whether you like it or not, and have to opt out if like us you think Kiwisaver is crap.
Make sure you understand what is at stake here – as immigrants you will face this the minute you start a job,a dn you have 2 weeks to make up your mind about staying in Kiwisaver forever or opting out. Do your homework.
More information on Kiwisaver can be found in Avalon’s Guide: 13 things you need to know, and 17 things you really need to know!
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Tax Changes in New Zealand: What’s Going Down.
Filed under: Cost of living, Economics, General Budgeting, Jobs & Work
I thought I would start this with the (possibly) good news.
In fact this bit is really good – if the new Zealand government were do it, it could make life very cosy indeed for Skilled Migrants who can earn relatively high salaries. (Right up until New Zealand companies screw you over by saying that you don’t need to earn as much now anyway).
Top Income tax Rate could go to down to 30%.
At the moment if you earn over $70,000 (by no means what should be considered a high salary) you pay 38% tax on every dollar over that level. Now this is being touted as saving someone about $20 a week – which really isn’t a whole lot.
But what happens if you earn $100k a year?
I’ve worked out that if just the top tax bracket comes down from the current 38% to 30% then you end up paying $406 a month less in tax. So instead of your take home pay being about $5,831 it would now be $6,237.
That’s an extra 116 coffees a month!
(Rough calculations only – this does not include ACC or Kiwisaver deductions.)
Also, trust and company tax rates may be going down – but it’s a bit unclear. The Tax Working group says it wants to make personal, trust and company tax rates all the same to avoid people being able to siphon off income into lower tax bands. So dropping the personal tax rate to 30% and then dropping the company tax rate below its current 30% doesn’t actually make that happen.
Why is this happening?
Because looking at this graph below shows that until you earn over $240,000 a year in New Zealand, you are better off from an Income Tax point of view moving to Australia because their income tax rates are cheaper. This of course completely ignores whether the cost of living is higher in Australia – but its something that is causing a lot of Kiwi’s to move.
In fact – this whole tax report seems to start with the theory that personal income tax rates must come down. That takes up roughly 5 pages of the report. The other 74 pages are all about the taxes that need to go up in order to pay for it.
There’s a surprise.
We will apparently know exactly what the income tax rates will be in May this year – at the budget. When we will also get the bad news about who amongst us has to pay for it all.
I don’t think that’s going to be a good day for me.
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Tax isn’t fair – deal with it.
Filed under: Economics, For the numpties amongst us, Future Finances, Investing in general, Property Investing
Over the next year or so, there could be some huge changes to the way you will be taxed in New Zealand. There are a lot of strange assumptions, which are driving the recommended changes. A bunch of “experts” and academics called the “Tax Working Group” have come up with recommendations. However, here I thought it worth going back to one of the basic assumptions – A fair tax.
The headline at the moment is that property investors don’t pay tax, and in fact rort the system by getting tax refunds. This is because if you make any losses in your rental properties (and most of us do because rents in New Zealand are kept artificially low) then you can offset these against your income from a job and therefore pay less Income tax.It is blatantly ignored that you can do this with any business.Property investors (like us) are thought of as greedy “rich pricks” (a term coined by the typically potty-mouthed ex-finance minister Michael Cullen).
Of course, we personally are considered even more evil and greedy because Hubby has a well-paid job. It escapes most people that we worked our arses off to get qualified in order to earn that money. It’s not fair!
So – why do people think it’s unfair that we use a system to allow us to pay less tax?
Because most people have been conned into thinking that Tax is inevitable. Like death. Only it isn’t.
The fact is you do not have to be in anyway rich to legally cut your taxes. You just have to be smart. You also need to get your head round the fact that paying money you earn to someone else is not actually fair, and that the richer you are – the more you pay – is even less fair.
Let’s put it this way:
- If someone comes into your house and steals your TV – you go to the police and make a report. You make a claim against your insurance and get the money back to replace the TV.
- You don’t for one minute consider it fair that someone has come into your home and taken something that they may not be able to afford, and therefore have a right to steal it from you, because it’s not fair that you had the money to buy it and they didn’t.
- And yet – the government takes say 30% of the money you earn, and gives it to someone else. And you think this is OK because it’s called tax.
Here is something else to think about:
- While there is no “tax-free limit” to earnings for low income people the way there is in the UK, the bottom 40% of households pay no income tax because they get benefits to compensate.
- Yet the top 10% of earners in New Zealand pay 42% of the total income tax take.
- If you take out the 40% of people that effectively pay no tax because they get refunds distributed from higher tax payers, we are then responsible for a whopping 76% of the income tax take.
And yet we are the greedy ones for not wanting to pay so much of what we work our butts off to earn. Hell alone knows how much we would collectively pay if we didn’t have a way of offsetting tax.
It’s also worth noting that the HUGE tax benefit that property investors fleece off the government in Tax Refunds accounts for just 1.6% of the entire tax take.
Yep – we are about to get nailed to a cross then burned alive for a whopping 1.6% of the total tax budget – which will then be given to other people. I personally don’t think any of this is going to make that 40% who want our blood any richer.
But I could be wrong.
Over the next week or so we will be going over the recommendations (and they are just that – recommendations) and highlighting what they mean – good and bad.
If you want to see a good and funny illustration of why “tax cuts for the rich” are so wrongly maligned – have a look at this blog post: How tax cuts work.
And for some interesting facts about just how many evil greedy property investors there are in New Zealand – read Are Kiwis really obsessed with property?
And for a light hearted look at just what we personally think of the Inland Revenue (in any country) – take a look at Inland revenue Humour.
The UK State Pension – what happens to it when you emigrate.
Filed under: Avalon's Money Thread, Cost of living, Future Finances, The Book
This is something that I’ve actually had a lot of emails about recently, so I thought I would write a little about it and there seems to be some really whopping great misconceptions out there.
The main thing you need to understand is that you cannot double dip on your state pensions. You do not have the right to take a UK state pension and add it to any New Zealand superannuation you may be entitled to.
You just can’t.
If you choose to take the UK pension you are entitled to – it gets taken straight off any Superannuation you would get. There is a chapter in Avalon’s Guide explaining the nuts and bolts – but this is the bit you need to understand.
- If you are currently receiving the UK State Pension, the amount of pension you will get is frozen at the level it is when you become a resident of New Zealand.
- If you emigrate, and then later become eligible for the UK State Pension, the amount is frozen at the level it was when you left the UK.
- Any UK State Pension that you do get will be taken off any New Zealand state Superannuation you may be entitled to.
- This means that you cannot claim the UK state pension and add it to the New Zealand Superannuation.
- You can continue to contribute to the UK State Pension while you are resident in New Zealand if you wish.
- Any contributions that you make will increase your UK State Pension.
- Remember though that any increase you do gain will simply decrease the amount of New Zealand Superannuation you are entitled to.
As far as I’m personally concerned, I have not been expecting a state pension for the UK government since I was about 20 years old. The pensions system in most western countries is bankrupt, and there just isn’t the money to keep paying it.
You should also be aware that the National Insurance you pay in the UK is not being used to fund your retirement. It’s paying for the pensions of the people currently receiving a state pension. Your pension needs to be paid by future taxpayers. Thus the problem – there aren’t anywhere near enough people to pay it. The number of pensioners is growing, and the number of taxpayers isn’t growing anywhere near as fast.
And it’s no better here in New Zealand. As Gareth Morgan (an investment provider and somewhat annoying “guru” and “commentator”) says in his book Pension Panic:
If you think the government is going to keep you in the style to which you have become accustomed once you’ve retired, think again – unless you’re on the breadline now.
I just wanted people to be aware that this information is out there, and while I probably wasn’t able to think of everything that should go in a book about finances and emigrating to New Zealand, I really did think of most things. If you want to be prepared and not face these shocks, then read it. It may not always be fluffy – but it will mean you are prepared.
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What’s the effect of the global financial mess?
Having some spare time in the house with the slightly crappy weather, I’ve been watching some of the TED talks that have been sat on the iPod waiting patiently for me.
One in particular was from John Gerzema, talking about the ‘post crisis consumer‘. Beyond some of the academic/economic waffle, and the ‘America is the world perspective’ it did contain some interesting observations.
First off is the (US) savings rate over the last 70 odd years from 1935 to 2005 (sorry the graphics are a little fuzzy), giving us confirmation that it’s in the last few years that average households have negative savings – i.e. no savings and money oweing on credit, while since the 1950’s it’s been in the 5-10% band
The blip in the early 1940’s is of course the war. But only because there was nothing to buy, rather than a patriotic drive to save money into war bonds as there was in the UK. It is interesting though, even when there were almost no consumer goods to buy, savings rates only averaged 20-25%.
Anyhow, while these numbers are now four years old it begs the question – ‘What are people doing now?’. Well the (startling) observation is that people are paying off debt. Because they don’t want to be beholden to the banks as much anymore. Which is good news. And more people are using debit cards to access money in their bank accounts, rather than using credit cards and borrowing the money. Again good news.
Of course, neither the banks or the credit card companies are happy with this – since they don’t get to bleed us all dry with interest rates and charges. But still, they’re not hurting yet and it’s early days in the whole economic recovery thing.
More interesting was the information about how people are dealing with the stress. While it doesn’t say what the sample population was here (Wall St executives still in jobs, as opposed to homeless families in some Detroit ghetto), and the percentages are more than 100%, so people are obviously doing a number of things, it does make interesting reading;
5% of people are dealing with the stress by buying more stuff. This is taken as a good sign, as we’re getting more savvy about what we buy, and we aint’ buying any old crap the marketing people want us to buy.
Still, draw your own conclusions. Good news for Nintendo, where people are playing video games and exercising (Wii), possibly with their family. Really good news for ISP’s and TV broadcasters.
“Made to make your eyes water” Life Insurance Premiums.
Filed under: Avalon's Money Thread, Cost of living, Future Finances, General Budgeting
We are still on the hunt for decent life insurance, given that we had to pull the cover from ING, and would like to pull the cover from ASB as well.
If you are moving here from the UK – whatever else you do – make sure you have Life Insurance and Critical Illness Insurance in place before you leave and make sure you will be covered once you emigrate.
Because I can almost guarantee you will die of a heart attack one you see what you are expected to pay for it here. Its outrageous – a bloody rip off.
I explain this in more detail in the book, but basically – in the UK the premiums are set according to your age when you take it out.
Here they just go up and up and up. And up some more. And then just when you really need it – from about age 65 onwards – you would need to be a multimillionaire to afford the premiums.
We are currently looking for about 1.4m in cover. Now I know that sounds like a lot of money – and possible you might thing it’s a bit arrogant to think that Hubby would be worth this much (I am worth considerably less which is a bit depressing). But this is because we have rental properties, with mortgages on, and they need to be paid off if Hubby croaks).
If we get stepped premiums – which go up every year – then we pay about $1500 a year for the premiums ($125 a month). If you get level premiums (which stay level till age 65 and then “wallop” you with a hike you just would not believe) then we have to pay over $6000 a year ($500 a month). The stepped premium hits a truly bewildering $44,000 a year by the time you get to age 64.($3600 a month).
Compare this to my UK life insurance (which includes Critical Illness cover) costs £10 a month, and will do until the day I die. Even if I’m 127 years old.
We worked out that till age 65 – the difference in payments in level and stepped over that time makes nearly $60,000 more to get stepped premiums.
However our Insurance Broker sat me down and told me I should revisit my views on this – and look at the cost NOW. With our budget being squeezed to within an inch of its life because IBM is too tight to give even cost-of-living pay rises (but can pay $80,000,000 for a new data centre) we simply cannot afford $500 a month on premiums.
So the plan now is to take stepped premiums, and as we pay down mortgages – reduce the cover and thus try and offset the rise in premiums each year. Still – it annoys me that Kiwis so easily get ripped off.
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Avalon’s Money Thread: Working out our net worth.
Filed under: Avalon's Money Thread, Banks, Economics, General Budgeting, Investing in general, Mortgages in New Zealand, Property Investing
We’ve done the budget, we’ve made some decisions, our personal Fixed Rate mortgage comes up for renewal in January, and we have decided to rejig the way we pay our mortgages.
All that was left to do was to track what our Net Worth was – which given the economy was a highly daunting task to be honest.
Your Net Worth is basically the value of what you own (assets) minus the value of you owe (debts). Unlike a Budget, which tells you what you are going to do over a month or year – your Net Worth tells you how much you have right now. Today.
It’s not difficult (especially if you have your accounts in order and your paperwork filed)– just a bit depressing at the moment. Because I like spreadsheets, and I’m lazy, I just copy the same spreadsheet from last year and fill in the numbers – its quite straightforward. In fact the only difficult bit to be honest is grabbing the bits of paper that contain the info you need.
On one side I have a list of all the assets: property, banks accounts, savings accounts, shares, pensions, car, and household goods (Insurance value is the best way to determine that).
On the other side are the mortgages, credit cards and any loans.
Take one from the other, and what is left is how much you are worth today.
In our case – about $250,000 less that we were 2 years ago.
I kid you not.
So why am I not crying into my coffee right now?
Well, Net Worth is a really good indicator of how you are doing financially. But it has to be taken in context. Most of that “wealth” is paper money. It doesn’t really exist. I don’t have $250,000 less dollar coins than I had – it’s just that my properties have gone down in value. In time – the value will go up again, and so will my “wealth”.
It becomes an issue if you want to borrow money and maximise how much money the banks will lend you – as they want to know the value of your assets. When I spoke to the valuer to get ours revalued – he said that he’s never been busier with banks insisting on clients getting up to date values on all their properties. While this can be annoying – I have to say I think I’m actually with the banks on this one.
I spoke to ANZ the other day about the possibility of refinancing a rental (the funds to be used to reduce personal mortgage – so no extra lending overall). They won’t lend more than 70% of the value of a rental, and my mortgage was for 75% already. The thing is, while doing this is defiantly for the banks good – it also prevents us as buyers from over extending. I think we personally got lucky that the recession hit so fast just after we bought our 3 rentals and couldn’t buy any more. It prevented us going mad, getting caught up in a storm and going belly-up which has happened to an awful lot of people.
We have “protected” as much as we can of our net worth by paying down as much debt as we can as fast as we can. So while our assets are worth much less, so are our debts. There is actually a lot you can learn from a recession, and if you can get through this and come out the other side – then just think what you will be like when the economic climate improves.
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Argghhh – why all these “extra” charges???
My perennial favourite of course being the patently ridiculous “Automatic Payment Loading Fee” the bank charges me to do their job for them and set up a standing order – but just this week I have seen three almost as ridiculous examples of spurious rip offs.
First goes to Ticketec. Now they always add silly charges – mostly for posting your tickets to you. Extra if you live in the countryside of course. And they will charge you if you don’t want them to send it to you – you want to pick them up instead. But now they have gone one further and will charge you $5 if you want to print your ticket at home, on your own printer, using your own ink, and your own paper.
Second goes to Reading Cinema who again charges you $2 for the “privilege” of ordering your ticket over the internet and saving the staff 2 minutes work.
But taking the biscuit completely for a wacky and completely pointless charge goes to Aotea Pathology. I needed to go have a blood test on Saturday morning – which meant I had to get up at 7am (and on a Saturday dammit) and go into Welly because the local clinics don’t do tests on Saturday (sensible people).
So I go in, give my name, pay the bill and am asked to sit down and wait. It wasn’t until I came out of the labs that I happened to look at the bill. Alongside the two charges for the tests themselves is a third charge.
Encounter Fee – $12.57
WHAT?????
This it seems is the charge for the lady at reception to take my name and charge me the fee and ask me to sit down.
The mind boggles.
Bloody rip off merchants.
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Avalon’s Money Thread: Am I a Big Spender?
Filed under: Avalon's Money Thread, Cost of living, General Budgeting
So in reality, do you just take out a certain amount of cash and try to make do with it? I try to do that, but almost always something unexpected comes up, such as filling a gas tank or topping up my bus card… Something that you can’t really delay. So can you tell me how do you control yourself?
Firstly you CAN work on a cash only budget and this works well for over spenders. But that is really talking about people who literally spend spend spend. A cash only budget is where you take out a set amount of money each week and that’s IT, is said to help by making people AWARE that they are spending their money. When you use Credit cards, you never see the real money so for many people it helps when they have to count out $20 bills to buy that $400 coat! This can be really helpful in getting over any “consumerism” habits you may have. Moving to New Zealand of itself won’t necessarily turn you into a non-consumer. Learning to spend less money isnt something you get by osmosis from Kiwis – who overspend as much as anyone else.
When you look at what you are spending the money on, ask yourself:
“Do I NEED this or do I WANT this”?
If you WANT it, it needs to wait till you have the spare money or it comes out of sanity allowance. If it’s a NEED, then budget for it. Then when looking at items you are going to buy, look at the PRICE but also look at the VALUE. Ask yourself:
- “Is this thing WORTH what they are asking for it?”
- “Can I buy it cheaper elsewhere” and
- “Would I rather spend that money on something else”.
You would not believe how much money I HAVEN’T spent by asking those questions. Except on coffee which in any universe is worth any amount of money charged as far as I’m concerned especially when a friend and a natter is involved.
How do I control myself???
Well, when we were in debt I woke up and realised just how much the banks were making out of me. And how ill I was getting because I was so worried about how I we were going to pay the bills. Now I don’t remember the last time I couldn’t sleep because I was worried about how to pay a bill. THAT is what keeps me going, and stops me buying stuff I really don’t need, gets the library books back on time and makes me do crazy things like “budget days”. After a while I even got to enjoy it!
Just had another thought about this. I got my Moneysaving expert email today and it’s talking about debt. I know I’ve just mentioned credit cards on here but I just need to say that if you are struggling to cope with money, DONT get a credit card. I use one ONLY because it saves me money to do so, I get cashback rewards and it costs me nothing to do so. I ALWAYS pay off the full balance every month, so I pay NO INTEREST. (This makes my Mortgage cheaper because I have a revolving credit mortgage)
If you cannot do that, using a credit card can be VERY bad for your finances. Interest charges are too high and if you can’t pay the full balance, your debt spirals out of control way too easily.
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